Principio De Realidad Freud

Understanding the Principle of Reality

The principle of reality, a fundamental concept in psychoanalysis, was introduced by Sigmund Freud in his 1911 work, "Formulations on the Two Principles of Mental Functioning." It represents the second stage of psychic development, following the pleasure principle. Freud proposed that the principle of reality developed out of the pleasure principle as individuals learn to navigate the demands and limitations of the external world.

According to Freud, the pleasure principle governs the functioning of the id, the impulsive and instinctual part of the personality. The id seeks immediate gratification of needs, regardless of consequences. However, as individuals interact with the environment, they encounter obstacles and frustrations that prevent the immediate fulfillment of their desires. This leads to the development of the principle of reality, mediated by the ego.

Ego's Role in the Principle of Reality

The ego, the mediator between the id and the external world, plays a crucial role in the principle of reality. The ego recognizes that not all desires can be immediately gratified and that actions must be tempered by a realistic assessment of the environment. It delays gratification, considers the consequences of actions, and seeks to satisfy needs in a socially acceptable and feasible manner.

The principle of reality is essential for adaptation and survival. It allows individuals to postpone immediate pleasure for long-term benefits, navigate social norms and expectations, and cope with the frustrations and challenges of life. It enables the formation of stable relationships, the pursuit of meaningful goals, and the development of a sense of self-control.

Manifestations of the Principle of Reality

The principle of reality manifests in various ways in our daily lives. It influences our choices, decisions, and behaviors. For instance:

• We delay gratification to save money for a future purchase.
• We choose a stable job over a more exciting but less secure one.
• We conform to social norms and expectations, even when they conflict with our desires.
• We engage in goal-oriented behaviors that require effort and sacrifice.

Conclusion

The principle of reality is a fundamental aspect of human psychology. It enables us to navigate the complexities of the external world, adapt to societal demands, and achieve long-term goals. By understanding and applying the principle of reality, we can make more informed decisions, manage our impulses, and live more fulfilling and balanced lives.